Divrei Azriel: Defining Vidui: A Holistic Approach to Teshuva
Divrei Azriel: Defining Vidui: A Holistic Approach to Teshuva
Toward the beginning of Parshat Ki Tavo the Torah introduces the mitzvah of the declaration of tithes, vidui ma'asrot. This mitzvah obligates individuals to make a declaration that they have properly dealt with the different forms of tithes,  trumot and ma'asrot, in their possession.

Rav Yosef Dov Soloveitchik points out that Chazal's (Our Sages') usage of the word "vidui"in describing this mitzvah is striking. This term is usually translated as "confession,"and is associated with repentance for sins, and not in reference to having preformed a mitzvah properly. Rav Soloveitchik explains that the proper translation of vidui is an honest and accurate accounting, which can refer to either positive or negative thought, speech or action.

This insight can be extremely useful in the teshuva process that begins in Elul with the recitation of before dawn prayers, selichot. Often, this period is viewed as one in which we are involved in soul searching and in trying to rectify our shortcomings. While this is certainly an important aspiration, one inherent danger that lies within this approach is that people generally don't want to focus on their shortcomings. Many would prefer to distract themselves with just about anything else rather than focus on their faults.

An additional shortcoming to this approach is that people generally don't actually improve as a result of self-criticism. Being positive about one's accomplishments is a much stronger catalyst for growth. People thrive on positive feedback and have more inner strength to continue striving and growing when they feel like their investment is paying off.

A candid and honest account of our spiritual state should include all that we do that is right and good, together with those areas that require tikkun. This more balanced approach is not only more accurate, but is also more effective because it is more encouraging. If we are doing so many things right, we are more likely to garner the psychological and emotional strength and courage needed to face our shortcomings and work toward rectifying them.

May Hashem bless us with the clarity and strength to be truly honest in the teshuva process, such that we can continue to improve in our serving Him, in avodat Hashem.